Nutritional Requirements for Cats in Dry Food

Protein and Amino Acids

Cats require higher protein levels than many other mammals, typically 30-45% of their diet on a dry matter basis. Essential amino acids for cats include:

• Taurine: Critical for heart function, vision, and reproduction

• Arginine: Necessary for ammonia detoxification

• Methionine and Cysteine: Important for pH balance and coat health

Deficiencies in these amino acids can lead to severe health issues, including dilated cardiomyopathy and retinal degeneration.

Fats and Fatty Acids

Dietary fat should constitute 20-24% of a cat's diet on a dry matter basis. Cats have specific requirements for:

• Arachidonic acid: An essential fatty acid that cats cannot synthesize

• Linoleic acid: Necessary for skin and coat health

Carbohydrates

While not strictly required, carbohydrates can be utilized for energy. However, cats have a limited ability to digest complex carbohydrates due to low levels of amylase.

Vitamins

Key vitamins for feline health include:

• Vitamin A: Cats lack the enzyme to convert beta-carotene to retinol

• Vitamin D: Essential for calcium metabolism

• Niacin: Cats have a high requirement due to rapid catabolism

Minerals

Essential minerals in feline nutrition include:

• Calcium and Phosphorus: Crucial for bone health, ideally in a 1.2:1 ratio

• Magnesium: Essential for enzyme function, but excess can contribute to urinary tract issues

Hydration

Cats evolved to obtain much of their water from prey, leading to a low thirst drive. Adequate hydration is crucial for urinary tract health and overall well-being.